For citation: Smeyukha V.V., Takayanagi S. (2016) Razvitie zhenskoy pressy Rossii i Yaponii v nachale XX v. [The development of the Women’s Press in Russia and Japan in the Early 20th Century]. Mediaskop 2. Available at: http://www.mediascope.ru/?q=node/2104
© Victoria V. Smeyukha
PhD, Professor, Head of Chair of Mass Communication and Applied Linguistics, Rostov State Transport University (Rostov-na-Donu, Russia), smeyha@yandex.ru
© Satoko Takayanagi
PhD, Senior Lecturer, Research Fellowship of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Waseda University (Tokyo, Japan), takayanagi@aoni.waseda.jp
Abstract
In a number of countries, a fast spread of the women’s press occurred early in the 20th century. Women’s periodicals appeared thanks to the development of education for women and the resultant emergence of the potential audience, popularization of women’s lib and the changing role of women in society. In Russia, the first women’s magazines came out towards the end of the 18th century, while in Japan they appeared late in the 19th century, and yet, early in the 20th century the women’s publications in the two countries turned out to be typologically similar in terms of function, structure, target audience and themes.
The aim of this paper is to define the conditions and factors which helped promote the development of the women’s press in Russia and Japan in that period, which implies study of its typology, themes, and the role of this media type in gender identification. To this end, the methods used in the study involved the history of typology, comparative typology and philology.
It was found out that the similarities in the women’s press development in Russia and Japan come from the development of cross-cultural communication. Fashion magazines and feminist publications is one result of the spread of Western cultural conceptions. At that, fashion magazines turned into an economically viable sector, which enhanced advertising communication and diffusion of consumer culture while feminist publications became an ideological media platform for topical trends towards solving the issue of women in society.
Key words: history of journalism, press, women’s magazine, gender, Russia, Japan
Notes
Prilozhenie k zhurnalu ″ Modnyy svet″. 1889 g.
Zhurnal ″Damskiy mir″. 1914 g.
″Zhurnal dlya zhenshchin″. 1915 g.
Zhurnal ″Dzekan″. 1911 g.
Zhurnal ″Dzegaku-sinsi″. 1884 g.
Zhurnal ″Fudzin-sekay″. 1906 g.
Zhurnal ″Mir zhenshchiny″. 1915 g.
Zhurnal ″Modnyy kur'er″. 1905 g.
Zhurnal ″Modnyy svet″. 1889, 1913, 1915 gg.
Zhurnal ″Rassvet″. 1859 g.
Zhurnal ″Vestnik mody″. 1917 g.
Zhurnal ″Zhenskoe delo″. 1910 g.
Zhurnal ″Zhenskiy vestnik″. 1915 g.
References
Bespalova A.G., Kornilov E.A., Korochenskiy A.P. (2003). Istoriya mirovoy zhurnalistiki [History of world journalism]. Moscow, Rostov n/D: MarT Publ.
Khamadzaki Kh. (2004) Onna no zassi, kaku umare, kaku kisoi, kaku siseri [Sources of Women's Magazines: How they were born, how they competed, how they died]. Tokio: Syuppan-news-sya Publ. (in Japanese).
Khasimoto K. (2013) Josei zassi ni mirareru «Hatarakukoto» no imiduzuke no henyo [Value Change in the Concept of “Work” in Women’s Magazines]. Ochanomizu University Bulletin 13: 339–347, (in Japanese).
Kimura R. (2010) «Shuhu» no tanjo – Fujin zassi to joseitachi no kindai [Origin of Conception «Housewife»: Women's Journals and Women's Contemporaneity]. Tokio: Iosikava-Kobunkan Publ., (in Japanese).
Koyama S. (1991) Ryosaikenbo to iu kihan [Good Wife and Wise Mother as the Standard]. Tokio: Keyso-sebo Publ. (in Japanese).
Maedzima S. (2010) Shuhu no tomo» no joidai – Kindai nippon ni okeru syuppan-dokusyo bunka no taisyuka to hujinzassi [«Housewife's Friend»: Publication and Reading in Modern Japan]. Tokio: Tokiyskiy univ. Publ., (in Japanese).
Minaeva O.D. (2012) Zhurnal «Soyuz zhenshchin» v bor'be za zhenskoe ravnopravie v Rossii (1907–1908) [The journal "women's Union" in the struggle for women's equality in Russia]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta Seriya 10, Zhurnalistika 5: 86–96.
Muta K. (1996) Senryaku to shiteno kazoku: Kindai kokumin kokka keisei to jyosei [Family as a Strategy: Formation of the Nation State and the Representation of Woman in Modern Japan]. Tokio: Sin"e-sya Publ., (in Japanese)
Nagamine S. (1997) Zassi to dokusya no kindai [Contemporary magazines and readers]. Tokio: Japan Editor School Publ., (in Japanese)
Pushkareva N.L. (2008) Seksual'nost' v chastnoy zhizni russkoy zhenshchiny (X–XX vv.): vliyanie pravoslavnogo i etakraticheskogo gendernogo poryadka [Sexuality in the private life of a Russian woman (X—XX cc.): the influence of Orthodox and Etcratic gender orders]. Zhenshchina v rossiyskom obshchestve [Woman in Russian society] 2: 3–17.
Sakamoto K. (2014) Senzenki josei zassi ni okeru kuchie-syasin no bunseki – «Hujin sekai» oyobi «Shuhu no tomo» kara [Analysis of Portraits in Women's magazines «Lady's World» and «Housewife's Friend» in the Pre-war Period]. Ochanomizu University Bulletin Ochanomidzu 10: 97–109, (in Japanese)
Simonova O.A. (2008) Massovaya belletristika v strukture zhenskikh zhurnalov 1910-kh godov: avtoref. dis. … kand. filol. nauk. [Mass fiction in the structure of women's magazines 1910-ies. PhD thesis. PhD philol. sci. diss.]. Moscow, 2008
Simonova O.A. (2015) Zhenskie zhurnaly v nachale XX v.: kritika, retseptsiya, polemika [Women's magazines in the early XX century: criticism, reception, controversy]. Zhenshchina v rossiyskom obshchestve 1(74): 24–32.
Simonova O.A. (2007) Zhurnal «Zhenskaya zhizn'» (1914–1916): bibliograficheskiy ukazatel' [Magazine "Women's life" (1914-1916): bibliography]. Novyy filologicheskiy vestnik 4(1): 219–251; 5: 274–281
Smeyukha V.V. (2011) Otechestvennye zhenskie zhurnaly. Istoriko-tipologicheskiy aspekt [Domestic women's magazines. Historical-typological aspect]. Rostov n/D: Izd-vo Severo-Kavkazskiy nauchnyy tsentr vysshey shkoly Publ.
Smeyukha V.V. (2014) Otrazhenie gendernoy identichnosti i raznoobraziya na stranitsakh otechestvennoy zhenskoy pressy nachala XX v. [The reflection of gender identity and diversity, in the national women's press of the early XX century]. Kreativnaya ekonomika i sotsial'nye innovatsii 1: 31–43.
Smeyukha V.V. (2015) Transformatsiya zhenskoy pressy v nachale XX v. [Transformation of the women's press in the early XX century]. Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo federal'nogo universiteta imeni V.I. Vernadskogo. Filologicheskie nauki, vol. 1(67), no 3, pp. 13−22.
Suleymanova A. (2008) Obraz zhenshchiny: rossiyskiy i yaponskiy vzglyad [Image of women: the Russian and the Japanese view]. Vestnik Chelyabinskogo universiteta 13: 185–195.
Takayanagi S. (2015) Literaturnyy obraz zhenskoy odezhdy v PR-zhurnale «Dziko» univermaga «Mitsukosi» [Sources of Women's Magazines: How they were born, how they competed, how they died]. Reklama i svyazi s obshchestvennost'yu: traditsii i innovatsii: mat-ly mezhdunar. nauchn.-prakt. konf. [Advertisement and Public Relations: Traditions and Innovations: proceedings of International scientific and practical conference]. Ch. I. Rostov n/D: FSFEI HPE RSTU Publ., pp. 226–235.
Yamadzaki T. (2009) Sengoki Nippon no taisyu hujin zassi ni miru syokugyo-hujin image no henyo [Working Woman's Changing Image in Popular Women's Magazines]. Socio-pedagogical research Kyoto University 85: 93–112, (in Japanese).
Meiji no joshi kyoiku (1967) [Female Education in the Meiji Period] Tokio: Kokudo-sya Publ., (in Japanese).