For citation: Sangare C.K. (2016) SMI Mali: struktura, obshchestvennaya znachimost' i tendentsii razvitiya [Mass Media of Mali: Structure, Social Significance and Development Trends]. Mediaskop 4. Available at: http://www.mediascope.ru/2201
© Sangare Cheickna Kalifa
PhD student at the Institute "School of Journalism and Mass Communication", St. Petersburg State University (Bamako, Republic of Mali), cheicknasangar@yahoo.fr
Abstract
The article focuses on the development of mass media in the Republic of Mali. The report examines the general conditions in the country and their influence on the media freedom.
The development history and specific features of print media activities are quite elaborate and diverse despite the rather low literacy rate (there are also periodicals in numerous local languages).
That said, the overwhelming majority of newspapers are non-state. The most popular media in this country is radio. The author attributes this to the low cost of equipment, the opportunity of broadcasting on large areas and to the overcoming of literacy problem.
The report contains the peculiarities of local radio stations' functioning, their typology and legal terms of their activity. Approximately 500 stations are comprehended. Particular emphasis is placed on the television segment of media market which has been actively developing in recent years. In this segment both local state and private (including Pan-African) channels are represented.
The author examines separately the electronic media of Mali which gain more popularity in connection with the expansion of the number of users and the reduction in cost of the Internet services.
This caused the emergence of the multitude of information websites which have become the competitors of the "traditional" media. The article offers a brief analysis of the most visited Internet resources.
Keywords: Mali, media, newspapers, radio, television, electronic media.
Notes
Bussi M., Lima S., Vigneron D. L'État-nation africain à l'épreuve de la démocratie, entre présidentialisation et décentralisation: l'exemple du Mali [The Test of the Solidity of the African National State Democracy, between Presidency and Decentralization: the Case of Mali]. Available at: https://espacepolitique.revues.org/1270
Evaluation des médias: Les médias maliens divisés par le conflit [Mass Media Development: Malian Mass Media Divided by the Conflict] (2013). International Media Support; Fondation pour les médias en Afrique de l'Ouest; Institut Panos Afrique de l'Ouest Copenhague, р. 18.
Journal du Mali [Mali Newspaper] Available at: www.journaldumali.com/
Le Baromètre des Médias Africains: Première analyse locale du paysage médiatique en Afrique. Mali 2012 [African Media Barometer: the First Local Analysis of the African Media Landscape] (2012). Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES). Windhoek, Namibia. Available at: http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/africa-media/10572.pdf
L'ORTM et l'avenir de la télédiffusion numérique et de l'Internet au Mali [ORTM and the Future of Digital Broadcasting and the Internet in Mali] (2015). Berlin: Klaas Glenewinkel: Printemps. Available at: http://www.mict-international.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/mictreport_ortm_web.pdf
Maliаctu. Available at: http://maliactu.net/
Mali Jet. Available at: http://malijet.com/
Maliweb. Available at: http:// maliweb.net/
Médias publics et médias privés: différences et complémentarité en douze ans de processus démocratique [State and Private Mass Media: Differences and Complementarity during Twelve Years of Democratic Process] (2003). Bamako: Centre Djoliba, pр. 2−3.
Ndiaye O.S. Notes sur le cadre législatif et reglementaire au Mali [The Notes Concerning the Legislative and Regulatory Framework in Mali]. Available at: http://www.amarc.org/documents/presentations/Les_RC_et_cadre_legislatif_au_Mali.pdf
Rapport état. Cas du Mali 25 Mar 2015 [State Report. Case of Mali, May 25, 2015]. Available at: http://www.acran.org/fra/evenements/7/RAPPORT%20ETAT%20Cas%20du%20Mali.pdf
Réflexions sur l'Azawad (Mali). Territoire déjà revendiqué à l'époque coloniale [Reflections on Azawad (Mali). Desirable Territory during the Colonial Era]. Available at: http://lecerclecondorcetdebourgenbresse.blogspot.com.by/p/normal-0-21-false-false-false.html
ORTM (The Mali office of radio and television) has chosen studiotech Belgium as partner for the development of its second TV Channel. Available at: http://www.theiabm.org/news/news_detail.ortm-the-mali-office-of-radio-and-television-has-chosen-studiotech-belgium-as-partner-for-the-development-of-its-second-tv-channel.html
Présentation [Presentation]. Available at: http://www.africabletelevision.com/1/index.php/africable
Rapport etat. Cas du Mali 25 Mar 2015 [State Report. Case of Mali, May 25, 2015]. Available at: http://www.acran.org/fra/evenements/7/RAPPORT%20ETAT%20Cas%20du%20Mali.pdf
Sidibé O.B. Mali: Multipartisme intégral: Déjà 176 partis politiques au Mali [Mali: a Multiparty System. Already 176 Political Parties in Mali]. Available at: http://maliactu.net/mali-multipartisme-integral-deja-176-partis-politiques-au-mali/#sthash.2lmopDGl.dpuf
References
Fougère P. (2012) Etat, idéologie et politique culturelle dans le Mali postcolonial (1960−1968) [State, Ideology and Politics in the Cultural Field in Postcolonial Mali (1960-1968)]. Sherbrooke: Departement d'histoire Faculté des Lettres et Sciences humaines Université de Sherbrooke. Available at: http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/bitstream/handle/11143/5684/MR88908.pdf?sequence=1
Kéïta M.K. (1995) La presse écrite au Mali [The Written Press in Mali] Bamako: Institut Panos.
Keita M.K. (1992) Réflexion sur la presse écrite [Reflections on the Written Press]. Politique Africaine 47, Octobre: 79−85.
Perret T. (2005) Médias et démocratie au Mali. Le journalisme dans son milieu [Mass Media and Democracy in Mali. Journalism from the Inside].
Politique Africaine 1(97): 18−32. Available at: https://www.cairn.info/revue-politique-africaine-2005-1-page-18.htm
Tidiane D. (2009) Histoire de la télévision en Afrique noire francophone, des origines à nos jours [The History of Television in the Francophone Africa, from the Origins to the Date]. Paris: Karthala.
Tudesq A.J. (2002) L'Afrique parle, l'Afrique écoute: les radios en Afrique subsaharienne [Africa Speaks, Africa Listens: African Radio to the South of the Sahara Desert]. Paris: Karthala Editions.